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What Is BPC-157?
BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic peptide consisting of 15 amino acids. It's derived from a protective protein found naturally in human gastric juice. The sequence is:
First isolated and studied by researchers in the 1990s, BPC-157 has since become one of the most extensively researched peptides in preclinical studies, with over 100 published papers examining its various properties.
Key Characteristics
- Length: 15 amino acids (pentadecapeptide)
- Molecular Weight: 1419.53 g/mol
- Origin: Derived from human gastric juice protein
- Stability: Stable in gastric acid (unlike most peptides)
Research Background
The majority of BPC-157 research has been conducted in animal models, primarily rodents. These studies have investigated the peptide across numerous biological systems and conditions.
Gastrointestinal Research
Given its origin from gastric juice, much research has focused on GI applications. Studies have examined BPC-157 in models of:
- Gastric ulcers and lesions
- Inflammatory bowel conditions
- Intestinal anastomosis healing
- Esophageal damage
Musculoskeletal Research
Animal studies have investigated BPC-157's effects on various tissue types:
- Tendon and ligament injuries
- Muscle damage and tears
- Bone fracture healing
- Cartilage regeneration
Vascular Research
Research has explored effects on blood vessel formation and function:
- Angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation)
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways
- Nitric oxide system interactions
Proposed Mechanisms
Researchers have proposed several mechanisms through which BPC-157 may exert its effects:
Growth Factor Modulation
Studies suggest BPC-157 may influence the expression of various growth factors, including:
- VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)
- EGF receptor expression
- NGF (nerve growth factor)
Nitric Oxide System
Multiple studies indicate interactions with the NO system, which plays crucial roles in vasodilation, inflammation, and tissue repair processes.
FAK-Paxillin Pathway
Research suggests BPC-157 may activate the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway, which is involved in cell adhesion, migration, and tissue organization.
Key Published Studies
| Year | Focus Area | Model | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | Achilles tendon | Rat | Staresinic et al. |
| 2014 | Muscle healing | Rat | Pevec et al. |
| 2016 | GI protection | Rat | Sikiric et al. |
| 2018 | Nerve damage | Rat | Gjurasin et al. |
Important Considerations
Research Status
BPC-157 has not undergone human clinical trials and is not approved for human use by any regulatory agency. All current research is preclinical (animal studies) or in vitro (cell culture).
The peptide is available for legitimate laboratory research purposes only.
Current Research Directions
Ongoing research continues to explore BPC-157's potential mechanisms and applications:
- Detailed molecular pathway mapping
- Interaction with other healing compounds
- Optimal dosing protocols in animal models
- Long-term safety profiling
Summary
BPC-157 remains one of the most studied peptides in regenerative medicine research. While preclinical data is extensive and suggests multiple biological activities, human clinical research is needed to understand its true potential and safety profile.